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When are test cases in software testing designed, after development or

Test cases in software testing are typically designed before the development phase begins, although they can also be created concurrently with development. The process of designing test cases is part of the larger software testing process, which involves multiple stages and activities. Here's a brief overview of when test cases are designed:

Before Development (Pre-development Phase):

Ideally, test cases are designed during the pre-development phase, often in parallel with the requirements gathering and software design phases.
Testers work closely with stakeholders, including business analysts, product owners, and developers, to understand the project's requirements and design test cases that align with those requirements. Software testing Course in Pune
This approach, known as "test-driven development" (TDD) or "behavior-driven development" (BDD), emphasizes creating test cases based on expected software behavior before any code is written.
Test cases designed in advance help guide the development process, ensuring that the software is built to meet specific functional and non-functional requirements.
During Development (Concurrent with Development):

In some development methodologies, such as Agile, test cases may be developed concurrently with coding.
In Agile, for example, small, incremental pieces of functionality are developed in iterations, and test cases are designed for each user story or feature as it's developed.
This approach allows for continuous testing throughout the development cycle, catching defects early in the process.
After Development (Post-development Phase):

In situations where test cases are not designed in advance or concurrently, they may be created after the development phase is complete.
This is often the case when testing legacy software or when testing is treated as a separate phase of the project.
However, post-development test case creation can be less efficient and effective because it may not uncover issues until late in the development process.
In summary, while it is generally preferable to design test cases before or concurrently with development to ensure a proactive and quality-focused approach, there are situations where test cases may be designed after development has begun or is complete. The choice of when to design test cases depends on the project's methodology, timeline, and specific requirements, but early test case design is typically encouraged to identify and address issues as early as possible in the software development lifecycle. Software testing Classes in Pune